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Equation (6.1) is equivalent to the double-delta or dual-Dirac model used in the Fibre Channel jitter specification [1]. The dual-Dirac model makes two assumptions: First, that the deterministic jitter is represented by two delta PDFs, separated by the total peak-to-peak DJ values. Second, the random jitter is modeled by the Gaussian distribution with the effective standard deviation σ, which is the root-mean square sum of the individual σs, as shown in (6.1). Figure 6.1 illustrates the dual-Dirac model.