19 Performance evaluation of image fusion techniques Qiang Wang, Yi Shen and Jing Jin Department of Control Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, P.R. China Image fusion performance evaluation methods form an essential part in the development of image fusion techniques. This chapter discusses various performance evaluation mea- sures that have been proposed in the field of image fusion and also analyses the effects of fusion structures on the outcomes of fusion schemes. Indicative experiments on apply- ing these measures to evaluate a couple of widely used image fusion techniques are also