456 Index Evaluation(s) ( continued ) outline of 193­196, 194f partial crossover 196 results for 198­199 target populations with 197 variables with 196­197 of dialogues 160­161 formative 188­189 goals of 184­188, 187f, 188f intelligent tutor examples of 200­220, 201f, 203f, 206f, 208f, 208t, 209t, 211f, 213t, 214t, 218f principles of 183­200, 187f, 188t, 190f, 194f laboratory 188­189 of LISP programming tutor 204­206, 206f methodology 188­191, 190f of PAT 204, 206­209, 208f, 208t, 209t of Project Listen 215­217 real-world 188­189 summary on 220 summative 188­189 validity of 188, 190­191, 190f Expert-system models as AI techniques 86, 89­90 GUIDON as 18, 89 MYCIN as 89 Extensible Markup Language. See XML Eyes, movement of 152­153, 152f Forrest Gump 149 Frasson, Claude 18 French 140 F-test-ANOVA 198 Function approximator 293 Fuzzy logic (FL) advantages and limitations of 280 development of 279 diagnostic and predictive inferences in 280 key concept of 279 as ML 279­280 G Gaebler,Ted 183 Generality increased 224, 225 of production rules, limited 64 Generative bug model 58­59 Geography Search 18 Geology Tutor, in Rashi 310 Geometer's Sketchpad 18 Geometry explanation tutors 161, 161f Geometry Proof Tutor 64 Graphics, sophisticated artificial life in 150 facial animation in 149 special effects in 149­150 Grounding 160 GUIDON 18, 89 Gutenberg, Johannes 4 F Fading 124 Feedback(s) argument 314 with Cardiac Tutor, retrospective 27­28, 28f content of 96 effective 98 features of 96­99, 97f /hints in AnimalWatch, adaptive 24 hypothesis 314 informative aspects of 96 instructional factors of 96 in PAT, customized 26 refutation/support 314 Fixation tracing 153 Forestry Tutor, in Rashi 310 H H0. See Null hypothesis HabiPro 333 Hardware 13 -based emotion recognition 71­72, 72f devices posture-sensing 71­72 pressure mouse 72 wireless skin conductance gloves 72 examples 387 issues associated with 10 research goals and issues for 386­387 speed of 11 vision 386