Chapter 7 One-Way and Higher Designs for Independent Groups k 319 distribution with estimated degrees of freedom k . In terms of testing H 0 : ^ k = 1, . . . , C, reject H 0 : k = 0 if |T k | > t k , where ^ k T k = . A k = 0, (The R software written for this book determines t k when = 0.05 or 0.01, and C 28 using values computed and reported in Wilcox, 1986. For other values of or C > 28, the function determines t k via simulations with 10,000 replications. Bechhofer & Dunnett, 1982, report values up to C = 32.) When there is no trimming, the method just described reduces to Dunnett's (1980) T3 procedure for means when all pairwise comparisons are performed. 7.4.2 R Function lincon The R function lincon(x,con=0,tr=0.2,alpha=0.05)