Contents 7.8 7.9 8 Observations 7.8.1 Observations 7.8.2 Observations development 7.8.3 Observations motion 7.8.4 Observations sounds 7.8.5 Observations ensemble Bibliography about timbre about melodic about melodic 184 185 185 186 about layering 186 about the string 188 189 191 192 192 192 193 193 Examining the roots of sampling 8.1 Timetable of processes 8.1.1 1950s­1960s Classic studio technique Musique concrete Electronic music (Elektronische Musik)