benefits (continued) forecasting 258, 334­5 intangible and tangible 329­30 measuring 332, 333, 465 net 333 timing 335­6 benefits statements 298­9 Bernal, J.D. 115 Bonar Law, Andrew 281 bonus schemes 37 bookkeeping 269, 382 bottlenecks, resource 191 brainstorming 297, 402 Brecht, Bertolt 73, 477 bridging 285 Bronowski, Jacob 109 Brooks, F. 372 bubble diagrams 204 buffers 236, 237, 375, 376 report 366, 375 business case 30­1, 102, 140, 194, 292 administration of project 310­12 finance 293­4 initial document 95­6, 97, 102, 104 milestones 314 progress reporting 312­15 project definition 293­4, 298­304 project organisation 293­4, 310­17 project plan 305­7 sections 293­4 Business Case Gate 61 business objectives 20, 23, 313, 344, 445, 464 and benefits 328­9, 331­2 business planning 30­1, 174, 175, 197 and business programmes 165­6 518 INDEX cycle 183 Business Planning Office 247, 249 business programme board 73, 171, 194 Business Programme Offices 171, 247 business programmes 151, 159­71, 176 accountabilities 167­8 building 164 and business plans 165­6 definition 159, 166­7 managers 9, 167, 168, 170, 247 roles 167­8 schedule and expected revenue 163 sponsor 167, 168, 169­70, 171 Business Strategy and Planning Board 167, 168, 169, 247 Butler, Samuel 283, 507 capacity buffer 236, 237 career progression 36, 38 Carr, E.H. 431 cause and effect analysis 9 Cavafy, Constantine 159 champions 76­7, 478 change control 429­41 accountability for decisions 436­7 cause and effect analysis 9 continuous change 487, 490 failed initiatives 7­9 impact assessment 434, 435­7 and issues 431 process 433­6 software 441 sources of change 432 workout 440