Index 2 2 factorial design, 571 2 3 factorial design, 577 2 k designs-mask on a cumulative sum control chart, 678 2 k factorial designs, 571 2 k-1 design, 602 2 k-p fractional factorial designs, 608 Beta distribution, 146, 147, 704 Beta random variable, 146 Bias of an estimator, 231 Binomial distribution, 79, 81, 127, 704 Binomial expansion, 81 Binomial probability table, 705 Binomial random variable, 81 Bivariate normal distribution, 177 Bivariate probability distributions, 154 Blocking, 538, 595 Bounds on a P-value, 311 Box plots, 208 Confidence interval on a correlation coefficient, 433 Confidence interval on the difference in means of two normal distributions, variances known, 358 Confidence interval on the difference in means of two normal distributions, variances unknown, 368, 369 Confidence interval on the difference in two proportions, 392 Confidence interval on the mean response in regression, 421, 480 Confidence interval on the ratio of the vari- ances of two normal distributions, 387 Confidence intervals on a proportion, 271, 272 Confidence intervals on means in ANOVA, 521, 522, 523 Confidence intervals on regression coefficients, 421, 479 Confidence intervals on the mean of a normal distribution, variance known, A Acceptance region, 286, also see critical region Actual capability of a process, 664 Addition of center points to a 2 k design, 588 Addition rules of probability, 37 Adjusted R 2 , 472 Aliases in a fractional factorial design, 603 All possible regression, 495 Alternate fraction, 604 Alternative hypothesis, 285, 292 Analysis of a second-order response surface model, 622 Analysis of variance (ANOVA), 417, 470, C Calculating normal probabilities, 123 Calculation of interaction effects in a 2 k factorial, 572, 578, 580 Categorical regressor variables, 492 Cause-and-effect relationships, 6, 352, 405 Center line on a control chart, 11 Center points and checking for curvature, 588