CO N T E N T S About the contributors i x Acknowledgements xii 01 Introduction to the concept of MT 1 The 4 Cs model 1 Four fallacies about MT 5 De ning and describing mental toughness 8 The beginnings 9 02 The importance of stress 11 Research strands 12 An applied perspective on mental toughness, stress management and peak performance 17 The AQR stress model 18