220 Part 3 People resourcing introduction Recruitment is the process of finding and engaging the people the organization needs. Selection is that part of the recruitment process concerned with deciding which applicants or candidates should be appointed to jobs. Recruitment can be costly. The 2011 CIPD survey of resourcing and talent planning found that the average recruitment cost of filling a vacancy for a director or senior manager was £7,500 while for other employees it was £2,500. Role profiles Role profiles define the overall purpose of the role, its reporting relationships and the key result areas. For recruiting purposes, the profile is extended to include information on terms and conditions (pay, benefits and hours of work), special requirements such as mobility, travelling or unsocial hours, and learning, development and career opportunities. The recruitment role profile provides the basis for a person specification. Person specification the recruitment and selection process The stages of recruitment and selection are: 1 Defining requirements. 2 Attracting candidates. 3 Sifting applications. A person specification, also known as a recruitment or job specification, defines the knowledge, skills and abilities (KSAs) required to carry out the role, the types of behaviour expected from role holders (behavioural competencies) and the education, quali- fications, training and experience needed to acquire the necessary KSAs. The specification is set out under the following headings: