Contents Preface Acknowledgements CHAPTER 1 CHAPTER 2 Introduction Overview of system impacts of wind generation on power systems 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 Primary economic effects of wind power Role of wind forecasts in wind power economics Wind as an energy resource Other potentially important effects Properties of wind output in aggregate 2.5.1 Effects of high-pressure systems and weather fronts 2.5.2 Weather fronts and wind ramps 2.5.3 Wind generation data Summary ix x 1 5 6 7 9 11 13 16 18 19 19 2.6