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Contents About the Authors................................................................................................ xiv About the Technical Reviewers ............................................................................ xv Acknowledgments ............................................................................................... xvi Introduction ........................................................................................................ xvii Chapter 1: Operating System Fundamentals ..........................................................1 The Role of the Operating System ............................................................................................................ 4 Process Management............................................................................................................................... 4 Process Address Spaces .......................................................................................................................... 5 Operating System Services ...................................................................................................................... 6 Virtual Memory ......................................................................................................................................... 7 Scheduling.............................................................................................................................................. 10 Hardware and Drivers............................................................................................................................. 11 Summary ................................................................................................................................................ 13 Chapter 2: Mac OS X and iOS ................................................................................15 Programming APIs.................................................................................................................................. 18 Supported Platforms............................................................................................................................... 19 64-bit Operating System......................................................................................................................... 20 iOS .......................................................................................................................................................... 20 The XNU Kernel................................................................................................................21 Kernel Extensions (KEXTs)...................................................................................................................... 22 Mach....................................................................................................................................................... 23 The BSD Layer ........................................................................................................................................ 32 v