256 Index Non-linear optics (Continued) parametric amplification, 13­14 Pockels effect, 6­8 quantum electronics atoms and radiation, 26­9 Heisenberg picture, 24­5 introduction, 19­23 molecules, 25­6 observables, 23­4 radiation in anisotropic medium, 2­6 Raman effect, 15­17, 72 second harmonic generation, 8, 11­13 three waves interaction, 9­10 NOR gates, 161, 162, 164 NOSE see natural olfactory sensor emulator NSL see nanospheres lithography NSOM see near-field scanning optical microscopy O Oblique-angle-deposition (OAD) technique, 227 OLC see Optics of Liquid Crystals Optical communication and DWDM channels, 71­2 Optical mask-less lithography, 102­3 signal-to-noise ratio, 209 surface-enhanced spectroscopies, 227 total internal reflection, 209­10, 220 Optics of Liquid Crystals (OLC) conference, 68 OptiFDTD software, 139 Optofluidics: applications, 247­50 fabrication, 245­7 flow cytometry, 248­50 introduction, 241­2 lab-on-chip fabrication, 245 micro electro-mechanical system, 245 microfluidic mechanics, 242­5 microscopy, 250­1 nanofluidic mechanics, 242­5 sensing, 251 soft lithography, 245­6 OSA see optical semiconductor amplifiers Otto geometry, 220 P PAM see Photo Activated Modulator Parametric amplification (non-linear optics), 13­14