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Application of Particle Swarm Optimization for Achieving Desired Surface Roughness Table 5. Output values of PSO for chosen cutting conditions and the corresponding optimal values for minimum surface roughness Ranges of cutting conditions S. No. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 v (m/min) 50-100 50-100 50-100 50-100 50-100 50-100 50-100 100-150 100-150 100-150 100-150 100-150 100-150 100-150 150-200 f (mm/rev) 0.05-0.10 0.10-0.15 0.15-0.20 0.20-0.25 0.25-0.30 0.30-0.35 0.35-0.40 0.05-0.10 0.10-0.15 0.15-0.20 0.20-0.25 0.25-0.30 0.30-0.35 0.35-0.40 0.05-0.10 d (mm) 0.5-1.0 0.5-1.0 0.5-1.0 0.5-1.0 0.5-1.0 0.5-1.0 0.5-1.0 0.5-1.0 0.5-1.0 0.5-1.0 0.5-1.0 0.5-1.0 0.5-1.0 0.5-1.0 0.5-1.0 Minimum R a (microns) 0.2571 0.5784 1.4928 2.8515 4.3305 5.9792 7.5117 0.2716 0.2716 1.2454 2.6532 4.1000 5.7136 7.2909 0.3694 Optimal values of cutting conditions v (m/min) 97.57 50.00 50.00 93.89 94.25 91.71 100.00 123.55 123.27 122.56 149.54 150.00 140.13 132.91 150.00 f (mm/rev) 0.085 0.100 0.150 0.200 0.250 0.300 0.350 0.100 0.100 0.150 0.200 0.250 0.300 0.350 0.100 d (mm) 1.0000 0.5000 0.5000 0.5047 0.5000 0.5000 0.5098 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 0.5000 0.5000 0.5000 0.5000 1.0000