ReseaRch MethoD 28 design Workshops Design workshops are a form of participatory design consolidating creative co-design methods into organized sessions for several participants to work with design team members. design workshops are efficient, compelling, fun ways to gain the creative trust and input of stakehold- ers through activity-based research. Although they can be labor intensive to organize and run, design workshops are worthwhile for their strength in collecting a wealth of insight from participants, and to secure buy-in from team members and clients. Workshops can also be efficient for participants, as they are often brought to the workplace or held in locations convenient to all. In design exploration, workshops can consist of projective techniques such as collage, mapping, or diagramming exercises, targeted at gaining an understanding of the user's world and establishing design implications. design workshops are most common in generative research, in participatory ses- sions focused on co-design exercises such as flexible modeling, contributing to ideation, and verifying design team direction. In evaluative sessions, participants are brought together to collectively review concepts, offer feedback, and contribute insights for design iteration and refinement. Generally design workshops will entail several activities, planned and orchestrated by design team facilitators. For example, the workshop may begin with an overview of topics and presentation of the agenda, followed by group discussion of concerns, documented or drawn by team members. Individual ideas can be noted by participants on sticky notes, then shared and organized by the group in affinity