208 Index Certification authority (CA) , 156 , 158­9 root CA , 158­9 subordinate CA , 159 Chain of custody , 186 Challenge Handshake Authentication Protocol (CHAP) , 54 , 118 Change control documentation , 196 Change management , 196 Chip creep , 179 Chips , 79 CIA (Confidentiality, Integrity, and Availability) , 140 Citrix XenApp , 55 Citrix XenServer , 51 Clark­Wilson Model , 91 CMOS (Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor) , 10 Code of ethics , 203 Cold site , 167 , 168 Common name , 117 Communication , 155 , 201­2 Cryptographic Messaging Syntax (CMS) , 144 Cryptography , 153 Cryptography concepts , 135 asymmetric key cryptography , 136 CIA (Confidentiality, Integrity, and Availability) , 140 digital certificate , 139 digital signatures , 138­9 dual-sided certificate , 139 encryption algorithms , 141 3DES (Triple DES) , 141 Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) , 142 DES (Data Encryption Standard) , 141 Elliptic Curve Cryptography , 142 One-Time Pads , 142 RSA (Rivest, Shamir, and Adleman) , 141 TKIP (Temporal Key Integrity Protocol.) , 143 transmission encryption , 142 Data repositories , 25­6 Database servers , 26 Decentralized key management , 155 Decrypting , 135 Degausser , 194 Demilitarized zone (DMZ) , 67 , 69­70 Denial of service (DoS) attacks , 65 DES (Data Encryption Standard) , 141 DHCP servers , 25 Differential backup , 181 , 183 Digital certificates , 139 , 156 Digital Rights Management (DRM) technology , 148 Digital signatures , 138­9 Direct Attached Storage Devices (DASD) , 53 Direct sequence spread spectrum (DSSS) , 79 Directory, definition of , 115 Directory services , 25­6 , 115 Disaster recovery , 180