Multimodal Interaction in Mobile Environment The third section of this book discusses of multimodal interaction in mobile environment, according to the devices limitations and the different contexts where people can use them. Some architectural solu- tions, adaptation methods, and uses to the different contexts are presented. A particular attention was devoted to multimodal interfaces for mobile GIS, due the implicit nature of their spatial and temporal information, the involvement of visual channel, and their tendency to be used in different context by different users. Finally, another emerging scenario discussed by chapters contained in this section deals with the use of multimodal mobile systems for social applications such as e-learning; in particular, specific methods to make adaptable a mobile-learning system and addressing how mobile multimodal interaction is changing many individual and social activities are described. Section III