654 Index A abstract process 275 active participants 82, 83, 85 activity-based costing (ABC) 94 activity theory 111, 112, 113, 114, 129, 135, 136 actor 3, 4, 7, 9, 16, 21, 511, 523, 527, 528 adaptive execution 211, 219, 222, 223 adaptive object model (AOM) 436 adaptive systems 391 B B2B collaborations 297, 299, 305, 318 back-tracking 249 backward recovery 221 batch dependency 486, 487, 490, 492, 493, 495, 496, 498, 505, 506, 508 batch processing area 498, 499, 501, 502, 508 batch processing feature 503, 508 battlefield process 434, 436, 437, 445