619 R&D Internationalization as Mechanism of Innovation in Global Enterprises: A Brazilian Case Study Simone Vasconcelos Ribeiro Galina University of Sao Paulo, Brazil Chapter 33 ABSTRACT Internationalization of Research and Development (R&D) allows transnational companies (TNC) to access different and important resources overseas, which may lead to the improvement of their techno- logical innovation. The literature in this field has been mostly created from studies of TNCs coming from developed countries. This chapter presents some of the main topics the literature addresses on R&D internationalization, then it will explore and verify how companies in developing countries internationalize their R&D activities. In order to do so, a bibliographic review about strategies of internationalization of TNC operations, as well as motivating factors and management of R&D internationalization have been conducted. The chapter finishes by presenting a case study about international R&D conducted in a Brazilian TNC. The results enabled to evidence that, like developed countries TNCs, developing countries' companies also seem to perform internationalization of R&D activities with very similar characteristics. DOI: 10.4018/978-1-61350-165-8.ch033 Copyright © 2012, IGI Global. Copying or distributing in print or electronic forms without written permission of IGI Global is prohibited.