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The concept of database table columns or file fields are handled in the TI Variables tab. If the process has a data source defined, each column in that data source will become a variable in the Variables tab. Refer to the following screenshot:
When you select (define) a data source, TM1 attempts to set up your variables in the Variables tab. If TI can work out what the names of the fields are, and the names are valid (that is, there are no spaces, punctuation, duplicated names, and so on) or not, it will automatically name these variables for you. If it cannot, it will give them generic names like V1, V2, V3, and so on.
When TM1 processes the data, it will assign the value of each column (or field) of that row of data in the data source to the corresponding variable name. You can then use the value of the variable in processing the data.