157 Index Page numbers in bold refer to picture captions. A Acrobat (Adobe), creating PDFs 142, 142­8, 143,144,146,147,148 Adobe Gamma see Gamma Adobe Illustrator see Illustrator Adobe InDesign see InDesign Adobe Photoshop see Photoshop algorithms 89, 154 alpha channels 136 anti-aliasing 80­1, 136, 154 Apple LaserWriter 16 Apple TrueType 16 artifacting 89, 94, 154 B backward calibration 44, 69, 69 baslCColour print 45 bit depth 60, 154 see also pixel depth bitmap images 16, 60, 154 black four-color black 109, 109­11, 110, 111 in RGB and CMYK systems 29, 35­6 rich black 109, 109­11, 110, 111 in tint books 41, 41­2 trapping into 113 blanket cylinder 20, 21 bleeds extent of 136 in PDFs 143 blue, psychology of 42 BMP image formats 78 C calibration 154 backward calibration 44, 69, 69 color casts 69, 70, 71, 154 color images 65­75 gray component replacement (GCR) 66­8, 68 grayscale images 47­57 monitors 43­5 software 45 test strips 49, 49, 75 see also highlights and shadows Caxton, William 10 channels 62 alpha channels 136 clipping paths 79, 80, 80­2, 81, 82, 136, 154 in PSD files 87 cloning 94 CMS (color-management systems) 67, 154 CMYK 154 black in 29, 35­6 color range 62­3 compared with RGB 34­6 conversion from RGB 38, 38­40, 39, 40 converting to low-res RGB files 99, 99­101, 100 and Pantone colours 116, 117, 117­20, 118, 119, 120 and screen angles 30, 30­1 cold-set ink 22, 154 color and light 37, 37 opposites 35­6 psychology of 42 white 35 yellow 36 see also black; CMYK; Pantone colours; RGB color casts 69, 70, 71, 154 color-management systems (CMS) 72­5 color profiles 72, 154 combined ink density 66­7 Compugraphic 15, 154 computer to plate (CTP) printing 15, 19, 19, 154 contrast, adding 56, 57 copyright 90, 103 CorelDRAW EPS files and 79 trapping 106, 107, 113 creep 29, 29, 154 Cromalin proofs 38, 154 crossovers 152­3 CRT monitors 15, 43, 154 CTP (computer to plate) printing 15, 19, 19, 154 cutter-draw 152­3, 153 D dab test 154 dampening systems 17, 20, 21 DCS (desktop color separations) 34, 85, 154 densitometer 49, 154 digital printing 19, 19 digital proofs 137 direct imaging (DI) 17, 19, 154 dither 62, 88, 154 dot gain 47, 154 control of 48, 73­5 CTP technology 19 test strip 49, 49 web offset litho 22 dpi (dots per inch) 31, 98, 154 duotones 83, 83­5, 84, 87, 154 E envelopes 26 environmental concerns 23 EPS files 43, 78­9, 79, 154 F film 12, 15, 154 offset litho process 17 ownership of 138, 152 film processors 17 film stretch 19 film stripping 17 flexography 22, 154 fold marks 112, 137 folding dummies 27, 137, 154 folds, grain direction and 26, 137, 155 fonts development of 15, 16 printing checklist 136 from websites 15 foreshortening 126, 127 frequency modulated screens see stochastic screens G galleys 15, 154 Gamma (Adobe) 45, 69 GCR (gray component replacement) 66­8, 68 Genuine Fractals 94, 95 GIF files 62, 78, 88, 91, 91, 94, 154 glyphs 16, 155 Gradient tool (Photoshop) 125 grain direction 26, 137, 155 gravure 22­3, 155 gray component replacement (GCR) 66­8, 68 grayscale images 155 adding contrast 56, 57 calibration 47­57 generating from RGB files 129 highlights and shadows 48­55, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55 shade range 60 green, psychology of 42 gripper edge 20, 155 guillotine 151 Gutenberg, Johannes 10 H halftone images 12, 14, 155 dot shape 132, 133 lpi measurement 155 and screen angles 30 tint jumps 133, 156 see also dot gain hexachrome separations 31 highlights and shadows color 66, 69, 69 grayscale 48­55, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55 HTML (hypertext markup language) 15, 155 I IBM Selectric 15 ICC (International Colour Consortium) 72 i1Display 2 (X-rite) 45 Illustrator (Adobe) and EPS files 79 registration marks 112 trapping 106­7, 113 image formats DCS files 34, 85, 154 duotones 83, 83­5, 84, 87, 154 EPS files 43, 78­9, 79, 154 GIF files 62, 78, 88, 91, 91, 94, 154 JPEG (JPG) files 78, 89, 89, 91­2, 94, 155 PNG format 78, 88 PSD files 43, 86, 86­7, 87, 156 TIFF (TIF) files 43, 78, 78, 156 see also PDF files; web images image headers 79, 155 imagesetters 16, 19, 155 resolution 92 imposition 27­9, 28, 155 impression cylinder 20, 21 InDesign (Adobe) Compression settings 140­2, 141, 142 EPS files 79 OpenType fonts/layout features 16 PDFs 138, 138­41, 139, 140, 141 Preflight option 138, 138 registration marks 112 rich/four-color blacks 110, 110­11 trapping 108, 108, 113 trim marks 112 indexed color 88, 155 inkjet printers, resolution 44, 92 inkjet proofs 137 inks cold-set 22, 154 environmentally friendly 23 see also Pantone colours International Colour Consortium (ICC) 72 interpolation 62, 155 Ives, Frederick 12 J JPEG (JPG) files 78, 89, 89, 91­2, 94, 155 K key plates 29 L LAB mode 131, 155 laser printers, resolution 92 laser proofs 27, 137, 155 LaserWriter (Apple) 16 Letraset 15