Day 21 Networking Fundamentals A+ 220-701 Exam Objective Objective 4.1: Summarize the basics of networking fundamentals, including technologies, devices and protocols Key Points Networking can be a surprisingly difficult part of the A+ exam, and many future techies get dis- couraged or unwisely dismiss it as unimportant. Question: When was the last time you saw a com- pletely standalone, non-networked PC? Today, even calculators and kitchen appliances communi- cate on a network. By enabling automatic updates, your computer, your refrigerator, or your car run a self-diagnosis, find a problem, "call" home for advice on how to fix it, download a fix (an update), install it, and run just fine without you (or the customer) even knowing a problem existed.