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    Copyright
    About the Authors
    Acknowledgments
    Preface
    Introduction
    Icons Used in This Book
    Ch.  1. Understanding IP Routing
    Ch.  2. Understanding Routing Information Protocol (RIP)
    Ch.  3. Troubleshooting RIP
    Ch.  4. Understanding Interior Gateway Routing Protocol (IGRP)
    Ch.  5. Troubleshooting IGRP
    Ch.  6. Understanding Enhanced Interior Gateway Routing Protocol (EIGRP)
    Ch.  7. Troubleshooting EIGRP
    Ch.  8. Understanding Open Shortest Path First (OSPF)
    Ch.  9. Troubleshooting OSPF
    Flowcharts to Solve Common OSPF Problems
    Troubleshooting OSPF Neighbor Relationships
    Problem: OSPF Neighbor List Is Empty
    Problem: OSPF Neighbor Stuck in INIT
    Problem: OSPF Neighbor Stuck in 2-WAY—Cause: Priority 0 Is Configured on All Routers
    Problem: OSPF Neighbor Stuck in EXSTART/EXCHANGE
    Problem: OSPF Neighbor Stuck in LOADING
    Troubleshooting OSPF Route Advertisement
    Problem: OSPF Neighbor Is Not Advertising Routes
    Problem: OSPF Neighbor (ABR) Not Advertising the Summary Route
    Problem: OSPF Neighbor Is Not Advertising External Routes
    Problem: OSPF Neighbor Not Advertising Default Routes
    Troubleshooting OSPF Route Installation
    Problem: OSPF Not Installing Any Routes in the Routing Table
    Problem: OSPF Not Installing External Routes in the Routing Table
    Troubleshooting Redistribution Problems in OSPF
    Problem: OSPF Neighbor Is Not Advertising External Routes
    Troubleshooting Route Summarization in OSPF
    Problem: Router Is Not Summarizing Interarea Routes—Cause: area range Command Is Not Configured on ABR
    Problem: Router Is Not Summarizing External Routes—Cause: summary-address Command Is Not Configured on ASBR
    Troubleshooting CPUHOG Problems
    Problem: CPUHOG Messages During Adjacency Formation—Cause: Router Is Not Running Packet-Pacing Code
    Problem: CPUHOG Messages During LSA Refresh Period—Cause: Router Is Not Running LSA Group-Pacing Code
    Troubleshooting Dial-on-Demand Routing Issues in OSPF
    Problem: OSPF Hellos Are Bringing Up the Link—Cause: OSPF Hellos Are Permitted as Interesting Traffic
    Problem: Demand Circuit Keeps Bringing Up the Link
    Troubleshooting SPF Calculation and Route Flapping
    SPF Running Constantly—Cause: Interface Flap Within the Network
    SPF Running Constantly—Cause: Neighbor Flap Within the Network
    SPF Running Constantly—Cause: Duplicate Router ID
    Common OSPF Error Messages
    “Unknown routing protocol” Error Message
    OSPF: “Could not allocate router id” Error Message
    “%OSPF-4-BADLSATYPE: Invalid lsa: Bad LSA type” Type 6 Error Message
    “OSPF-4-ERRRCV” Error Message
    Ch.  10. Understanding Intermediate System-to-Intermediate System (IS-IS)
    Ch.  11. Troubleshooting IS-IS
    Ch. 12. Understanding Protocol Independent Multicast (PIM)
    Ch.  13. Troubleshooting PIM
    Ch.  14. Understanding Border Gateway Protocol Version 4 (BGP-4)
    Ch.  15. Troubleshooting BGP
    Appendix:  : Answers to Review Questions
    Index
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    Chapter 9. Troubleshooting OSPF > Flowcharts to Solve Common OSPF Problems

    Flowcharts to Solve Common OSPF Problems

    Troubleshooting OSPF Neighbor Relationships

    Troubleshooting OSPF Neighbor Relationships


      

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