A specific hardware or software component that Performance Monitor is capable of monitoring. It can be any component that possesses a series of measurable properties. Windows Server 2008 R2 comes with a defined set of objects; applications such as Internet Information Services (IIS) installed on Windows Server 2008 R2 may add more objects to the available set.
Counter
One of a series of statistical measurements associated with each object.
Instance
Refers to multiple occurrences of a given object. For example, if your computer has two hard disks, two instances of the PhysicalDisk object will be present. These instances are numbered sequentially, starting with 0 for the first occurrence. On a multiple processor server, the performance of each processor is recorded as an instance. An instance labeled “_Total” is also present, yielding the sum of performance data for each counter. Note that not all objects have multiple instances.
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