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In Display 10.11, %SYSEVALF evaluated the logical comparison &NPTS<1. %SYSEVALF is a general evaluation function. On the other hand, the %EVAL function handles integer arithmetic. Many other functions are available for macro programming. %INDEX finds the position of a string in a source string. %LENGTH returns the length of an argument and checks for valid arguments. %SCAN displays a particular word in an argument. %SUBSTR extracts a substring from an argument. In a previous example, %UPCASE converted an argument to all uppercase. Display 10.17 provides a short example to illustrate some of these functions.