Appendix C. Two-Port Analysis

Figure C.1 depicts a generalized two-port circuit. The conventions for voltage and current preferred by this author are indicated. The figure assumes that both input and output ports share a common reference terminal, which is not strictly required for two-port analysis to work, but since the assumption conforms to the general situation in transmission-line analysis, the figure has been drawn that way.

Figure C.1. Any linear, time-invariant, two-port circuit can be represented by a four-element transmission matrix.