ELECTROSTATIC DISCHARGE-SENSITIVE ITEMS (ESDS) electromagnetic signals to impair the devices of an enemy. Decep- tion is the deliberate radiation, reradiation, alteration, absorption, or reflection of electromagnetic radiations intended to mislead the enemy in interpreting signals from his equipment. ELECTRONIC COUNTERMEASURES, PASSIVE The con- duct of such search, interception, direction finding, range estima- tion, and signal analysis of communication and noncommunication electromagnetic radiations as may be undertaken to permit immedi- ate operational use of the information. ELECTRONIC PRODUCT CODE (EPC) An identification scheme for universally identifying physical objects via radio fre- quency identification tags and other means. The standardized EPC data consists of an EPC (or EPC Identifier) that uniquely identifies an individual object, plus an optional filter value when judged to be necessary to enable effective and efficient reading of the EPC tags. In addition to this standardized data, certain classes of EPC tags will allow user-defined data. The EPC tag Data Specifications will define the length and position of this data, without defining its con- tent. ELECTRONIC SERIAL NUMBER (ESN) The unique identifi- cation number embedded or inscribed on the microchip in a wire- less phone by the manufacturer. The ESN is composed of two basic components, the manufacturer's code and the serial number, in accordance with TIA ESN assignment Guidelines and Procedures. ELECTRONIC WARFARE That division of the military use of electronics involving actions taken to prevent or reduce an enemy's effective use of radiated electromagnetic energy and actions taken to ensure our own effective use of radiated electromagnetic energy. Electronic warfare includes electronic countermeasures and elec- tronic counter-countermeasures. ELECTROSTATIC DISCHARGE (ESD) A transfer of electro- static charge between objects at different potentials, caused by direct contact or induced by an electrostatic field. ELECTROSTATIC DISCHARGE-SENSITIVE ITEMS (ESDS) Electronic parts having sensitive characteristics (e.g., thin-layered internal composition) and delicate, miniaturized construction that are susceptible to damage or degradation, in various degrees, from environmental field forces (electrostatic, electromagnetic, mag- netic, or radioactive). This susceptibility also extends to the stan- dard electronic modules, printed circuit boards, printed wiring 109