Diagnostic Tests for Review

The following are diagnostic test you should review. These test require the collection of a blood sample to determine the glucose level:

• Glucose tolerance test— The glucose tolerance test is the most diagnostic test for determining whether the client has diabetes. A high-carbohydrate diet is eaten prior to the exam. The client is told to remain NPO after midnight the day of the test and to come to the clinic for a blood sample to be collected. After a fasting blood sample is obtained, the client is told to drink a liquid containing 75 gm of glucose. A sample of blood is then collected 1 hour after the glucose is administered. Some physicians also obtain blood samples at 2 hours or more.

• Fasting blood glucose— A fasting blood glucose is an excellent method of determining an accurate estimate of the glucose level. It is obtained by asking the client to refrain from eating after midnight and coming to the clinic for a blood sample.

• Dextrostix— A glucose test that requires a sample of blood be collected, usually prior to meals.

• Hgb A-1C or glycosylated hemoglobin— A blood test done to determine the client’s compliance to his diet and medication regimen. It is obtained by a collection of a blood sample.