Parathyroid Disorders

The parathyroid glands are four small glands located on the thyroid gland. The primary function of the parathyroid glands is the regulation of calcium and phosphorus. Diagnosis of parathyroid disorders is based on an evaluation of serum calcium and serum phosphorus levels and 24-hour urine levels of calcium and phosphorus. Radioimmunoassay exams are used to check serum parathormone. Potential disorders of these glands include hypoparathyroidism and hyperparathyroidism.

Hypoparathyroidism

Hypoparathyroidism is an inadequate production of parathormone. This hormone is responsible for the regulation of calcium and phosphorus levels in the blood. Calcium and phosphorus levels must be maintained within normal limits to have adequate nerve function. Bone density is also maintained by the parathormone. Signs and symptoms of hypoparathyroidism include the following: