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IP is now being used over wireless links, making it even more ubiquitous than before. Since the IP protocol suite, including TCP, is link-layer independent, it was not designed for the specificities of wireless links. The initial deployment of IP over satellite links [RFC2488] showed many inefficiencies. This chapter discusses the challenges and modifications to the IP protocol suite to accommodate the new wireless networks, such as Wifi [IEEE80211] and 3G [3GPP, 3GPP2].