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We've seen that Error Alerts tell the user if they've violated a data validation, and what they've done wrong. Input messages tell the user what sort of data is permitted in cells before the data is entered.
To demonstrate how this works:
Figure 2–48. Delivering the message: The Input Message dialog box.
Figure 2–49. Proactive prompt: an input message
The idea is to pre-empt possible data entry mistakes, by letting the user know in advance what's allowed in the cells.