2.1 What is the purpose of system calls?

2.2 What are the five major activities of an operating system with regard to process management?

2.3 What are the three major activities of an operating system with regard to memory management?

2.4 What are the three major activities of an operating system with regard to secondary-storage management?

2.5 What is the purpose of the command interpreter? Why is it usually separate from the kernel?

2.6 What system calls have to be executed by a command interpreter or shell in order to start a new process?

2.7 What is the purpose of system programs?

2.8 What is the main advantage of the layered approach to system design? What are the disadvantages of using the layered approach?