Conditional branching

In Java, an if test is basically the same as the boolean test in a while loop – except instead of saying, “while there’s still beer...”, you’ll say, “if there’s still beer...”

The code above executes the line that prints “x must be 3” only if the condition (x is equal to 3) is true. Regardless of whether it’s true, though, the line that prints, “This runs no matter what” will run. So depending on the value of x, either one statement or two will print out.

But we can add an else to the condition, so that we can say something like, “If there’s still beer, keep coding, else (otherwise) get more beer, and then continue on...”