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When it comes to discovering the capabilities of other clients on the network, there are two tools at your disposal: explicit service discovery of the kind we’ve already discussed, and a kind of service discovery shorthand that is advertised in XMPP presence notifications. We’ll look at each of these in turn.
In the last section, we said that a client always knows about at least one entity: its server. Yet we’ve also seen that usually a client knows about some other entities: the items in its roster. What can those entities do?