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    Cover image
    Table of Contents
    Endorsement
    Front matter
    Copyright
    Dedication
    Preface
    Acknowledgments
    Guiding Principles for the UX Practitioner
    Chapter 1. Introduction
    1.1. Ubiquitous interaction
    1.2. Emerging desire for usability
    1.3. From usability to user experience
    1.4. Emotional impact as part of the user experience
    1.5. User experience needs a business case
    1.6. Roots of usability
    Chapter 2. The Wheel
    2.1. Introduction
    2.2. A UX process lifecycle template
    2.3. Choosing a process instance for your project
    2.4. The system complexity space
    2.5. Meet the user interface team
    2.6. Scope of UX presence within the team
    2.7. More about UX lifecycles
    Chapter 3. Contextual Inquiry
    3.1. Introduction
    3.2. The system concept statement
    3.3. User work activity data gathering
    3.4. Look for emotional aspects of work practice
    3.5. Abridged contextual inquiry process
    3.6. Data-driven vs. model-driven inquiry
    3.7. History
    Chapter 4. Contextual Analysis
    4.1. Introduction
    4.2. Organizing concepts: work roles and flow model
    4.3. Creating and managing work activity notes
    4.4. Constructing your work activity affinity diagram (WAAD)
    4.5. Abridged contextual analysis process
    4.6. History of affinity diagrams
    Chapter 5. Extracting Interaction Design Requirements
    5.1. Introduction
    5.2. Needs and requirements: first span of the bridge
    5.3. Formal requirements extraction
    5.4. Abridged methods for requirements extraction
    Chapter 6. Constructing Design-Informing Models
    6.1. Introduction
    6.2. Design-informing models: second span of the bridge
    6.3. Some general “how to” suggestions
    6.4. A New example domain: slideshow presentations
    6.5. User models
    6.6. Usage models
    6.7. Work environment models
    6.8. Barrier summaries
    6.9. Model consolidation
    6.10. Protecting your sources
    6.11. Abridged methods for design-informing models extraction
    6.12. Roots of essential use cases in software use cases
    Chapter 7. Design Thinking, Ideation, and Sketching
    7.1. Introduction
    7.2. Design paradigms
    7.3. Design thinking
    7.4. Design perspectives
    7.5. User personas
    7.6. Ideation
    7.7. Sketching
    7.8. More about phenomenology
    Chapter 8. Mental Models and Conceptual Design
    8.1. Introduction
    8.2. Mental models
    8.3. Conceptual design
    8.4. Storyboards
    8.5. Design influencing user behavior
    8.6. Design for embodied interaction
    8.7. Ubiquitous and situated interaction
    Chapter 9. Design Production
    9.1. Introduction
    9.2. Macro view of lifecycle iterations for design
    9.3. Intermediate design
    9.4. Detailed design
    9.5. Wireframes
    9.6. Maintain a custom style guide
    9.7. Interaction design specifications
    9.8. More about participatory design
    Chapter 10. UX Goals, Metrics, and Targets
    10.1. Introduction
    10.2. UX goals
    10.3. UX target tables
    10.4. Work roles, user classes, and ux goals
    10.5. UX measures
    10.6. Measuring instruments
    10.7. UX metrics
    10.8. Baseline level
    10.9. Target level
    10.10. Setting levels
    10.11. Observed results
    10.12. Practical tips and cautions for creating ux targets
    10.13. How UX targets help manage the user experience engineering process
    10.14. An abridged approach to UX goals, metrics, and targets
    Chapter 11. Prototyping
    11.1. Introduction
    11.2. Depth and breadth of a prototype
    11.3. Fidelity of prototypes
    11.4. Interactivity of prototypes
    11.5. Choosing the right breadth, depth, level of fidelity, and amount of interactivity
    11.6. Paper prototypes
    11.7. Advantages of and cautions about using prototypes
    11.8. Prototypes in transition to the product
    11.9. Software tools for prototyping
    Chapter 12. UX Evaluation Introduction
    12.1. Introduction
    12.2. Formative vs. summative evaluation
    12.3. Types of formative and informal summative evaluation methods
    12.4. Types of evaluation data
    12.5. Some data collection techniques
    12.6. Variations in formative evaluation results
    Chapter 13. Rapid Evaluation Methods
    13.1. Introduction
    13.2. Design walkthroughs and reviews
    13.3. UX Inspection
    13.4. Heuristic evaluation, a UX inspection method
    13.5. Our practical approach to UX Inspection
    13.6. Do UX Evaluation rite
    13.7. Quasi-empirical UX evaluation
    13.8. Questionnaires
    13.9. Specialized rapid UX evaluation methods
    13.10. More about “discount” UX engineering methods
    Chapter 14. Rigorous Empirical Evaluation
    14.1. Introduction
    14.2. Plan for rigorous empirical UX evaluation
    14.3. Team roles for rigorous evaluation
    14.4. Prepare an effective range of tasks
    14.5. Select and adapt evaluation method and data collection techniques
    14.6. Select participants
    14.7. Recruit participants
    14.8. Prepare for participants
    14.9. Do final pilot testing: fix your wobbly wheels
    14.10. More about determining the right number of participants
    Chapter 15. Rigorous Empirical Evaluation
    15.1. Introduction
    15.2. Preliminaries with participants
    15.3. Protocol issues
    15.4. Generating and collecting quantitative UX data
    15.5. Generating and collecting qualitative UX data
    15.6. Generating and collecting emotional impact data
    15.7. Generating and collecting phenomenological evaluation data
    15.8. Wrapping up an evaluation session
    15.9. The humaine project
    Chapter 16. Rigorous Empirical Evaluation
    16.1. Introduction
    16.2. Informal summative (quantitative) data analysis
    16.3. Analysis of subjective questionnaire data
    16.4. Formative (qualitative) data analysis
    16.5. Cost-importance analysis: prioritizing problems to fix
    16.6. Feedback to process
    16.7. Lessons from the field
    Chapter 17. Evaluation Reporting
    17.1. Introduction
    17.2. Reporting informal summative results
    17.3. Reporting qualitative formative results
    17.4. Formative reporting content
    17.5. Formative reporting audience, needs, goals, and context of use
    Chapter 18. Wrapping up UX Evaluation
    18.1. Goal-directed UX evaluation
    18.2. Choose your UX evaluation methods
    18.3. Focus on the essentials
    18.4. Parting thoughts: be flexible and avoid dogma during UX evaluation
    18.5. Connecting back to the lifecycle
    Chapter 19. UX Methods for Agile Development
    19.1. Introduction
    19.2. Basics of agile se methods
    19.3. Drawbacks of agile se methods from the UX perspective
    19.4. What is needed on the UX side
    19.5. Problems to anticipate
    19.6. A synthesized approach to integrating UX
    Chapter 20. Affordances Demystified
    20.1. What are affordances?
    20.2. A little background
    20.3. Four kinds of affordances in UX design
    20.4. Affordances in interaction design
    20.5. False cognitive affordances misinform and mislead
    20.6. User-created affordances as a wake-up call to designers
    20.7. Emotional affordances
    Chapter 21. The Interaction Cycle and the User Action Framework
    21.1. Introduction
    21.2. The interaction cycle
    21.3. The user action framework—adding a structured knowledge base to the interaction cycle
    21.4. Interaction cycle and user action framework content categories
    21.5. Role of affordances within the uaf
    21.6. Practical value of uaf
    Chapter 22. UX Design Guidelines
    22.1. Introduction
    22.2. Using and interpreting design guidelines
    22.3. Human memory limitations
    22.4. Selected ux design guidelines and examples
    22.5. Planning
    22.6. Translation
    22.7. Physical actions
    22.8. Outcomes
    22.9. Assessment
    22.10. Overall
    Chapter 23. Connections with Software Engineering
    23.1. Introduction
    23.2. Locus of influence in an organization
    23.3. Which scenario is right for you?
    23.4. Foundations for success in SE–UX development
    23.5. The challenge of connecting SE and UX
    23.6. The ripple model to connect SE and UX
    23.7. Conclusions
    Chapter 24. Making It Work in the Real World
    24.1. Putting it to work as a new practitioner
    24.2. Be a smart ux practitioner
    24.3. UX professionalism
    24.4. Cost-justifying UX
    24.5. UX within your organization
    24.6. Parting words
    References
    Exercises
    Index
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    6.11. Abridged methods for design-informing models extraction

    6.11. Abridged methods for design-informing models extraction

    6.11.1. Be Selective about the Modeling You Need to Do

    Do not be bound by the exact models we discuss in this chapter. Depending on the work domain and your design goals, some kinds of models will not be important, while others will take on much more importance.

    6.11.2. Designer-Ability-Driven Modeling

    In the real world, designers use design-informing modeling to understand and control the complexity of the work domain in the context of designing the next generation of system support. To be efficient, each designer chooses the amount of modeling necessary to meet his or her own needs, which in turn depend on the designer's individual skills, knowledge, and experience.

      

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