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Risk is the most basic problem in software. Risk manifests itself in many ways: schedule slips, project cancelation, increased defect rates, misunderstanding of the business problem, false feature rich (you've added features the customer really doesn't want or need), and staff turnover. Managing risk is a very difficult and time-consuming management problem. Minimizing and handling risk are the key areas of risk management. XP seeks to minimize risk by controlling the four variables of software development.