Attentional Control 249 during the task is characterized by an awareness of the relevant information on which they must focus. This chapter will initially look to scientific research and findings from sport and exercise psychology to highlight key skills and techniques nec- essary for optimal focus. In particular, how can we deal with attentional problems such as: not focusing on the right things, being unable to main- tain focus, and distractions? Importantly, it is worth noting that research consistently shows that individuals are not necessarily born with the ability to effectively focus, but that these skills are developed over time through experience and training. Then the reader will be introduced to some very ac- cessible and highly effective tools and techniques for improving attentional control. Practice Our ability to focus effectively improves with practice, but this is not neces- sarily a simple relationship. It appears that practising to concentrate may not always facilitate effective concentration. For example, research by Iain Greenlees and colleagues at Chichester University assessed the utility of a concentration exercise commonly used to improve individuals' ability to concentrate.