Challenge 75 The psychological context of challenge Put simply, the challenge component of mental toughness relates to individ- uals' view about what challenge has to offer them. High scorers see a chal- lenging situation as an opportunity to show off their talents and as a way of developing themselves. A number of psychological models relate to this. achievement orientation; fear of failure; competitiveness; and the adrenalin junkie. Achievement orientation Murray (1938) defined the need to achieve as the desire to `overcome obsta- cles, to exercise power, to strive to do something as well as and as quickly as possible'. This obviously has a major resonance with mental toughness. Murray was in many ways a pioneer in performance psychology, which is reflected in his approach to measuring achievement orientation. He devised the radical Thematic Apperception Test (TAT). This was basically a series