The Contributors

Arie Baan has his own independent consultancy company that provides consultancy, facilitation, and training in the area of virtual teamworking competence and supports organizations in creating and maintaining effective working environments for their virtual teams. He has worked most of his career in a large multinational oil company, in information science research and information technology management positions. Supporting the rapid globalization in the 1990s from the IT management perspective, he became interested in the topics of virtual teamworking and distant collaboration that are enabled by IT and designed and delivered learning programs for supporting team competency development in this area. He received his Ph.D. in information science from Eindhoven University in the Netherlands.

Dennis Bowyer has been supporting teaming and virtual team development since 1997. Presently he is promoting team effectiveness in the areas of knowledge discovery, capture, and reuse at Pratt and Whitney Rocketdyne. His activities include the development of collaborative processes in information life cycle management and institutionalizing innovation. He recently earned a master's in knowledge management at California State University at Northridge and holds an Ed.D. from Pepperdine University in organizational leadership.

Emanuel Brady is vice president of information technology for Raytheon Company's Space and Airborne Systems (SAS) and a member of the SAS leadership team. Previously he was vice president of information technology for Raytheon's Electronic Systems business, leading the development and implementation of enterprise-wide information systems fully aligned with Electronic Systems' business strategies. Brady received an M.B.A. from the University of Southern California.

David Braga is a program manager at the Boeing Company in charge of a multibillion-dollar fleet modernization project of a U.S. Air Force military transport, the C-17. In 1986, he joined Boeing and has held a variety of engineering management positions in both the military and commercial aircraft divisions. He is a frequent conference speaker on the subject of knowledge networks and global leadership. He received a doctorate in education, specializing in organizational leadership, from Pepperdine University.

Mal Conway is an IBM-certified business transformation managing consultant with IBM Global Business Services Public Sector Human Capital Management practice. His organization development specialization expertise is in improving and measuring organizational, team, and individual performance to achieve business results. He has worked with clients in both the public and private sectors.

Paul J. Erickson is a consultant with Downey Kates Associates, an organization design and development consulting firm in New York City. He works with organizations and leadership teams to help them assess their organizational capabilities, evaluate options, and improve effectiveness. A skilled writer, researcher, and course designer, he assists clients in distilling complex data into clear messages and actionable programs. In addition to management consulting, Erickson is an editor and consultant in the field of academic publishing, with a focus on the humanities and social sciences, particularly the field of international relations. He is the editor of Connections, a journal published by the Partnership for Peace Consortium of Defense Academies.

Mehran Ferdowsian is the founder and general manager of Nur Management Solutions consulting firm. He has over twenty-four years of work experience at the national and international levels in engineering, manufacturing, and R&D communities and the development and implementation of programs dealing with people and effective business operations. He has worked for a Fortune 100 company, owned and managed a small business, and taught a number of business and engineering courses. He has led teams in developing mission-critical computer systems and value-added people programs in the areas of organization, workforce development, and business operations. He holds a doctoral degree in management and organizational leadership from the University of Phoenix.

Scott K. Filgo is senior research analyst for Harcourt Assessment's Talent Assessment team, pursuing product development projects, client-services research, and technical documentation. During the drafting of this chapter, he was the senior research associate for Profiles International. He was granted a master's of educational psychology (I/O concentration) by the University of Central Texas.

Kimball Fisher is the cofounder of the Fisher Group, a training and consulting firm that specializes in developing effective teams and leaders. Prior to becoming a consultant, he worked as a manager and staff specialist at Procter and Gamble and Tektronix. He is the author of The Distance Manager: A Hands-On Guide to Managing Off-Site Employees and Virtual Teams (with Mareen Fisher), Leading Self-Directed Work Teams: A Guide to Developing New Team Leadership Skills, The Distributed Mind: Achieving High Performance Through the Collective Intelligence of Knowledge Work Teams (with Mareen Fisher), and Tips for Teams (with others). He was the first recipient of the prestigious William G. Dyer Award for contributions to the field of organizational behavior. Fisher has a master's degree in organizational behavior from Brigham Young University.

Chris Francovich is an assistant professor in Gonzaga University's doctoral program in leadership studies and a senior research analyst for the Northwest Regional Faculty Development Center in Boise, Idaho. This work focuses postgraduate medical education in ambulatory medical clinics. His research group is working to identify and understand operational subcultures and the reciprocal effects of the clinic environment and the teaching mission on patient care. He also works with the Reina Trust Building Institute, which is devoted to building and sustaining trust in the workplace. His work has involved the design and management of Web-based technology to facilitate the development of trust in distributed teams. Francovich has an Ed.D. in curriculum and instruction from Boise State University. His specialty area is postgraduate medical education.

Sue Freedman is president and founder of Knowledge Work Global, a consulting firm specializing in the design and management of technology-based organizations, and adjunct professor at the University of Texas at Dallas, teaching in both the Executive Education Project Management Program and regular M.B.A. program. She is also codeveloper, with Lothar Katz, of the Managing Projects Across Borders Program. She has worked with a host of organizations, including Hitachi Data Systems, the 7–11 Corporation, AmeriCredit Corporation, AMR Services, American Airlines, and Lockheed Martin. Previously she was the manager of organizational effectiveness at Texas Instruments, serving the Defense Group and at the corporate level. She is coauthor of Beyond Teams: Building the Collaboration Organization. She is treasurer of the Dallas-Fort Worth Product Development Management Association and an active member of the University of North Texas Virtual Collaboration Research Group. She holds a Ph.D. in instructional design and personnel development from Florida State University.

Dipti Gupta is nearing completion of her doctoral program in industrial/organizational psychology at the University of North Texas, Denton. She has been involved with various projects at the Center of Collaborative Organizations, including needs assessment, return on team investment, training and development, and facilitation. She is serving as the industrial/organizational Ph.D. intern at the BNSF Railway Company. She is heavily involved among other projects with moving the company from paper-and-pencil to online testing. Her research and practice areas include virtual collaboration, selection and assessment, online testing, and leadership development. She is a member of the Society for Industrial and Organizational Psychology and Dallas Area Industrial and Organizational Psychologists.

Laura A. Hambley is in the process of setting up a consulting company focusing on virtual leadership and teamwork. She has over seven years of experience providing organizational consulting to public and private organizations in Calgary, as well as internationally. Her work has included leadership development and selection assessments, team building, career planning, training, competency modeling, and organization surveys and studies. Her research focuses on virtual leadership and teamwork and telework. She is interested in how virtual leaders can more effectively lead teams through different communication media. Her publications include chapters in the forthcoming Growing the Virtual Workplace: An Integrative Approach, as well as forthcoming research papers in two journals: Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes and the International Journal of e-Collaboration's special issue on virtual team leadership. She received her Ph.D. in industrial/organizational psychology from the University of Calgary.

Scott Hamilton is the senior vice president and director of research and development for Profiles International. He supervises a team of professional employees and consultants while coordinating research and development for the company to serve business, industry, government, and nonprofit organizations. He received his Ph.D. from the University of North Texas.

Gail Goodrich Harwood is a senior consultant affiliated with the Continuous Learning Group, specializing in organization design, large-scale change, and leadership strategies for high performance. She has supported performance and change efforts for a major food company and a major pharmaceutical firm. She also has extensive experience as an internal consultant at United Airlines, where she was manager of organizational development and lead consultant on a number of change, organization design, and start-up initiatives. She is listed in Who's Who of American Women and has served on the board of the Organization Design Forum (ODF), has cochaired the ODF global conference, and has presented at Organizational Design Forum, Organization Development Network, and Ecology of Work conferences. She received an M.B.A. from the University of Chicago and the certificate in organization design from the University of Southern California's Center for Effective Organizations.

Scott Hines is a research associate at Profiles International, where he conducts statistical projects for product development and develops white papers for products and services. He received his M.S. from Stephen F. Austin State University.

Gina Hinrichs is president of Hinrichs Consulting, an organizational development consulting firm. She works with organizations by applying strength-focused whole system approaches to continuously improve and deal with transformational change. Her focus has been working with leadership on strategic planning and translating it into global operations. This has involved extensive facilitation of face-to-face and virtual teams. Her clients include John Deere, Navistar—International Truck, Medical Associates Clinics, Schneider International, U.S. Cellular, and numerous social profit organizations. She is an adjunct professor for Capella University and Benedictine University, teaching organizational behavior and development courses. She earned a doctorate in organizational development from Benedictine University and an M.B.A. from the Kellogg School of Management at Northwestern University.

Trina Hoefling founder of GroupOne Solutions, LLC, is an organizational psychologist, executive coach, and business development consultant with over twenty-five years of experience in organization development, management consulting, coaching, and training. Her primary consulting work includes organizational assessments, organizational and team consulting, shadow consulting, individual coaching, implementation of virtual work initiatives and remote management, and speaking engagements. She has presented internationally on many subjects, including virtual work, creating and maintaining customers for life, developing bench strength, and virtual teaming. She is the author of Working Virtually: Managing People for Successful Virtual Teams and Organizations. She holds two M.A.s in industrial/organizational psychology and communication with a group and business emphasis.

Jack Jennings is an information technology (IT) operations manager with over twenty-five years of experience in technical and managerial roles within IT, including the last seventeen years at Sprint. Over the past eight years, he has led many virtual teams and extensively studied virtual teams. He is a member of the Virtual Collaboration Research Group Advisory Board and Collaborative Work Systems Consortium, associated with the Center for Collaborative Organizations at the University of North Texas.

Steve Jones is an associate professor at Middle Tennessee State University. He has twenty-five years of experience consulting in organizations as diverse as manufacturing plants, health care facilities, retail outlets, insurance companies, military installations, and universities. His areas of experience include team building, problem solving, business strategy development, training, performance measurement, and incentive plan design. He has published three books on work teams and speaks at national and international conferences. He holds a Ph.D. from the University of Houston in industrial/organizational psychology.

Anita Kamouri is a principal and cofounder of Iometrics, which provides consulting services that support organizational effectiveness through the design, implementation, and evaluation of work environments for mobile and distributed workforces. She brings over twenty years of consulting experience with Fortune 500 companies. Kamouri has assisted clients with global work environment initiatives using strategic decision frameworks, data-based planning, comprehensive employee profiling, measurement programs, and research evaluating the business-related impact of alternative workplace arrangements. Prior to joining Iometrics, Kamouri was managing principal at HRStrategies (now Aon Consulting). She was the practice leader in human resource outsourcing services and opened the firm's west coast office. She received her Ph.D. in industrial/organizational psychology from Bowling Green State University.

Amy Kates is a principal partner with Downey Kates Associates, an organization design and development consulting firm in New York City. She works with leaders and their teams around the world to assess organizational issues, reshape structures and processes, and build depth of management capability. Kates is coauthor, with Jay Galbraith, of the book Designing Your Organization (2007), and, with Jay Galbraith and Diane Downey, of Designing Dynamic Organizations: A Hands-On Guide for Leaders at All Levels (2002). Her article on (Re)Designing the Human Resource Function (2006) was awarded the Walker Prize by the Human Resource Planning Society.

Stan Lapidos is the manager of the Virtual Integrated Practice Project (VIP) at Rush University Medical Center in Chicago. He has authored or coauthored four articles on the project and has presented on the VIP model of team care at several national conferences and at academic and health care organizations in the United Kingdom and Israel. In addition, he is co-investigator and project coordinator for several other interdisciplinary team projects at Rush. He is a faculty member at Rush University and an adjunct faculty member at the Loyola University Chicago School of Social Work. Lapidos received a master's degree in aging and long-term care from the Center for Studies in Aging at the University of North Texas.

Rhys J. Lewis is completing the Ph.D. at the University of Western Ontario. Lewis is funded through a doctoral grant from the Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council and is conducting research on fairness in hiring decisions and performance evaluation.

Jessica Lipnack is CEO and cofounder of NetAge, www.netage.com, a consultancy based in Boston, Massachusetts. She is coauthor with Jeffrey Stamps of six books, including Networking (Doubleday), The TeamNet Factor, The Age of the Network, and Virtual Teams (all John Wiley & Sons), and many articles and book chapters. Their books have been translated around the world. An early online networker, Jessica maintains Endless Knots, http://www.netage.com/endlessknots, an active blog, and tends an informal global network of people interested in virtual teams, networks, and collaboration. A yoga practitioner and knitter, she also writes novels, short stories, and essays.

Dina M. Mansour-Cole is an associate professor of organizational leadership and supervision at Indiana University Purdue University Fort Wayne (IPFW). She has several publications in the areas of leadership, change, and team development. Her service to leadership and team development has been recognized locally for her outreach program, GLO: Girls Leading Others, a summer camp for middle school girls, and nationally, by the Girl Scouts of the United States of America. Her teaching innovations and course designs have been recognized by the Indiana University Faculty Colloquium on Excellence in Teaching, and she is currently a teaching fellow at IPFW. She received her Ph.D. in management of organizations from the University of Cincinnati.

Charles C. Manz is the Nirenberg Chaired Professor of Leadership in the Isenberg School of Management at the University of Massachusetts. Formerly a Marvin Bower Fellow at the Harvard Business School, he is a speaker, consultant, and best-selling author of over two hundred articles and scholarly papers and twenty books, including Mastering Self-Leadership (4th ed.); Fit to Lead; The New SuperLeadership; The Power of Failure; Foreword magazine best-book-of-the-year and Gold Award winner Emotional Discipline; and Stybel-Peabody National Book Prize-winning SuperLeadership. His clients have included 3M, Ford, Xerox, General Motors, Procter & Gamble, American Express, the Mayo Clinic, Banc One, the U.S. and Canadian governments, and many others. He received his Ph.D. from The Pennsylvania State University.

Martha Maznevski is professor of organizational behavior and international management at the International Institute for Management Development (IMD) in Lausanne, Switzerland. She is codirector of IMD's flagship Program for Executive Development and the new Strategic Leadership for Women program, as well as many company programs. Her research focuses on the dynamics of high-performing teams and networks in multinational organizations and managing people in global complexity. She teaches on topics spanning a broad range of organizational behavior topics, and she has presented and published widely on these subjects. She is the author of The Blackwell Handbook of Global Management: A Guide to Managing Complexity and a coauthor of a popular textbook, International Management Behavior, currently preparing the sixth edition. She has served as a consultant and advisor to public and private organizations in North America, Europe, and Asia on issues of managing people globally. She received her Ph.D. in organizational behavior from the University of Western Ontario.

Jodi Heintz Obradovich is a cognitive systems engineer at Intel Corporation, where she works in the User Centered Design Group. Her work includes understanding nurses' and physicians' work flow in acute health care settings, as well as exploring the challenges that virtual teams located around the world encounter as they try to collaborate with one another and coordinate their work. Her research interests include understanding how human and team cognition contributes to success and failure in complex, high-risk systems. She has explored collaborative virtual work as it occurs in the aviation domain between Federal Aviation Administration traffic managers and airline dispatchers, as well as in the U.S. Army between commanders and subordinates. She received her Ph.D. in industrial and systems engineering from the Ohio State University.

Jude G. Olson is a senior analyst in organization and leadership development with Lockheed Martin Aeronautics Company, where she consults on culture change and coaches high-potential executives. She has also taught at Texas Christian University and the University of Texas at Dallas. She presented at the 2003 Academy of Management on "Complex Collaboration: Building the Capabilities for Working Across Boundaries." Her publications include a chapter in Complex Collaboration (edited by Michael Beyerlein, Doug Johnson, and Susan Beyerlein) and an article on appreciative inquiry in OD Practitioner Journal (January 2005). She received a Ph.D. in human and organizational systems from Fielding Graduate University.

Thomas A. O'Neill is a Ph.D. candidate at the University of Western Ontario, Canada, where he is studying industrial/organizational psychology. His primary research focus is on using personality to predict team performance. In addition, he is exploring personality-based selection tools for colocated and virtual team members, as well as for teleworking arrangements. He has published several papers on virtual teamwork and leadership and has presented research at numerous conferences, including Interdisciplinary Network for Group Research, Academy of Management, Society for Industrial and Organizational Psychology, Canadian Psychological Association, and Administrative Sciences Association of Canada.

Kara L. Orvis is team leader for the leadership and collaboration consulting group at Aptima, with expertise in the areas of team leadership, dispersed team collaboration, dispersed leadership, and training technologies. Previously she worked as a postdoctoral research fellow for the Consortium of Universities at the Army Research Institute, where she conducted research projects involving teams, leadership, and training technologies. She has also worked as an independent consultant, helping organizations overcome cultural barriers in international training, and she taught at George Mason University. Orvis has coauthored or authored more than forty presentations and publications and is editing a book on the instructor's role in computer-supported collaborative learning environments. She is a member of the American Psychological Association, the Academy of Management, and the Society for Industrial and Organizational Psychology. She received her Ph.D. in industrial-organizational psychology from George Mason University.

Linda M. L. Peters is the Dean's Assistant Professor/Lecturer in the Isenberg School of Management at the University of Massachusetts. Following a career as a partner and executive in a national real estate investment firm, she has spent the past few years teaching several courses and literally hundreds of virtual students in the online Professional Masters in Business Administration program. Her primary research interest focuses on virtual teamwork, and she has published articles and made presentations at national and international conferences on the topic. She serves on several boards and advising committees, including the Entrepreneurship Initiatives, a college award program for young entrepreneurs sponsored by a charitable foundation, the Law and Business Center for Advancing Entrepreneurship at Western New England College, and the Innovator's Roundtable at Bay Path College. She received her Ph.D. from the University of Massachusetts Amherst.

Curt Raschke has over twenty-five years of experience in managing new product development projects for several high-technology companies in the Dallas/Fort Worth area, most recently adapting new product development best practices to the global team environment. He has been active in various new product development professional associations and teaches a course on effective product life cycle management at the School of Management of the University of Texas at Dallas. He has spoken at conferences on portfolio and pipeline management and on managing codevelopment projects. He received his Ph.D. from Cornell University.

Michelle Reina and Dennis Reina cofounded the Reina Trust Building Institute, whose construct is an outgrowth of fifteen years of research and practice integrating trust-building behaviors into strategic organizational initiatives to achieve sustainable trust. Their work is supporting organizations such as American Express, Boeing, Children's Hospital, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Johnson & Johnson, Kimberly-Clark, Nokia, Harvard and Yale universities, U.S. Treasury, U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, U.S. Army Chaplaincy, and Walt Disney World and has been widely reported. They are the coauthors of Trust and Betrayal in the Workplace: Building Effective Relationships in Your Organization (2nd ed.). Both Michelle and Dennis Reina earned their Ph.D.s in human and organizational systems from the Fielding Graduate University.

Eric Richert is principal of 8 Corners Consulting, a consulting practice focused on the support of knowledge-based work. Previously he held a wide variety of management positions during eighteen years at Sun Microsystems, where in 1997 he cofounded and was vice president of Sun's Open Work Solutions Group. While at Sun, he also advised the European Commission on supporting collaborative work environments and provided testimony to the U.S. Congress on the support of contemporary workforces. Richert holds an M.B.A. from the University of California at Berkeley and a master of architecture degree from Syracuse University.

Steven K. Rothschild is an associate professor in the Departments of Family Medicine and Preventive Medicine at Rush University Medical Center in Chicago, where he is also the director of the Section of Community and Social Medicine. His academic activity is informed by his clinical practice at Rush University Family Physicians, which he established in 1988 and continues to serve as medical director. His research focuses on chronic disease management, with particular attention to reducing health disparities affecting minority groups and the medically underserved. He is the principal investigator for the Virtual Integrated Practice Project, as well as the Mexican-American Trial of Community Health Workers funded by the National Institutes of Health. He received his M.D. from the University of Michigan.

Jane Seiling is a writer, adjunct professor, and editor for the Taos Institute Publications Focus Book Series on social constructionism. She is the author of an award-winning book, The Membership Organization: Achieving Top Performance in the New Workplace Community; The Meaning and Role of Organizational Advocacy: Responsibility and Accountability in the Workplace; and coeditor of Appreciative Inquiry and Organizational Transformation: Reports from the Field. Her current writing project is a book, Constructive Accountability: Moving Accountability into the Work of Working. Most of her organizational consulting work is in South Africa in organizations struggling with dealing with their changing world. Her interests are in accountability, absorptive capability, combination capability, the psychology of working, and social constructionism. She received her Ph.D. in social science (managerial psychology) from the University of Tilburg, Netherlands.

Philip J. Smith is executive director of the Institute for Ergonomics at The Ohio State University and a professor in the industrial and systems engineering program. He teaches courses in cognitive systems engineering, artificial intelligence, human-computer interaction and the design of cooperative problem-solving systems, intelligent information retrieval systems, and intelligent tutoring systems. He has completed extensive research focusing on distributed work in air traffic management and military planning systems. Among other contributions, this research has led to the development of the Post-Operations Evaluation Tool, which is one of the major systems in use to evaluate performance in the National Airspace System, providing operational staff and analysts with access to graphical displays and data mining tools to evaluate performance. He received his Ph.D. from the University of Michigan.

Jeffrey Stamps is cofounder of NetAge, www.netage.com, a consultancy based in Boston, Massachusetts. He is coauthor with Jessica Lipnack of six books, including Networking, The TeamNet Factor, The Age of the Network, and Virtual Teams, and many articles and book chapters. He is also author of Holonomy and designer of complex processes and technologies for some of the world's largest enterprises. A competitive Alpine skier and a Fulbright scholar to Oxford, he rides his BMW motorcycle whenever he can. He received his Ph.D. from the Saybrook Institute.

Jackie Stavros is professor at Lawrence Technological University and editor for Taos Institute Publications. She coauthored Dynamic Relationships: Unleashing the Power of Appreciative Inquiry in Daily Living (2005) and Appreciative Inquiry Handbook (2003). She recently completed a book chapter for The Change Handbook (2007). Her clients include BAE Systems, ERIM International, Jefferson Wells, Tendercare, General Motors of Mexico, Girl Scouts USA, PriceWaterhouseCoopers' Advisory University, and many educational institutions and tier 1 and tier 2 automotive suppliers. She earned a doctorate in management at Case Western Reserve University and an M.B.A. in international business from Michigan State University.

Marilyn Sawyer Wesner is assistant professor of human and organizational learning at George Washington University in Washington, D.C. She is the director of the master's degree program in human resource development and teaches courses in organizational behavior, organizational diagnosis, and virtual teams. Her continuing interest in team building, organizational effectiveness, and virtual work began at AT&T where, prior to joining GWU in 1999, she was the information services director in Basking Ridge, New Jersey. She holds an Ed.D. in adult and continuing education from Virginia Tech.

Mary B. Witort is a senior consultant with Verizon Business, a leading provider of advanced communications and information technology solutions. Her primary responsibilities are project development and management of sales campaigns for some of the company's newest products. During her more than twenty years in the telecommunications industry, she has developed and provided leadership and management expertise in engineering, product development, sales, and operations management. She has taught classes on project management for her employers and offered seminars to graduate students. She is a certified project manager and member of Project Management International (PMI), currently serving on the Dallas PMI Chapter's Education Committee. She earned her M.S. from the University of Texas, Dallas.

Terence Yeoh is a doctoral student in the industrial/organizational psychology program at the University of North Texas. His research interest areas focus on employee-related issues such as job attitudes, employee socialization, and turnover, as well as training and performance management issues. He is participating in research aimed at creating a new method of measurement for job satisfaction.

Stephen J. Zaccaro is a professor of psychology at George Mason University, Fairfax, Virginia. He has been studying, writing, teaching, and consulting about teams and leadership for over twenty-five years. He has directed funded research projects in the areas of team performance, shared mental models, leader-team interfaces, leadership training and development, leader adaptability, and executive leadership. He has written over a hundred articles, book chapters, and technical reports on group dynamics, team performance, leadership, and work attitudes. He is the author of The Nature of Executive Leadership: A Conceptual and Empirical Analysis of Success and coeditor of Occupational Stress and Organizational Effectiveness, The Nature of Organizational Leadership: Understanding the Performance Imperatives Confronting Today's Leaders, and Leader Development for Transforming Organizations. He received his Ph.D. from the University of Connecticut.