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When troubleshooting issues in your Asterisk system, you will find it very helpful to refer to some sort of historical record of what was going on in the system at the time the reported issue occurred. The parameters for the storing of this information are defined in /etc/asterisk/logger.conf.
Ideally, one might want the system to store a record of each and every thing it does. However, there is a cost to doing this. On a busy system, with full debug logging enabled, it is possible to completely fill the hard drive with logged data within a day or so. It is therefore necessary to achieve a balance between detail and storage requirements.