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The first thing to discuss is some of the conventions associated with the page structure. These are the rules that allow the framework to do things as intended. These rules consist of CSS class names, element IDs, and structural conventions. So although you might think you can just name some stuff according to the class names or ID names, if you're missing the structure, things won't work.
This is because this mobile framework (actually all mobile frameworks) in order to be efficient uses nested CSS selectors for layout and CSS element selectors in the JS logic to do certain things. If you don't follow a convention rule the framework might not work and therefore your page won't work.
Note Convention over Configuration is a design paradigm that allows programmers to stick to a set of rules rather than making decisions about how their code needs to be configured. jQuery Mobile, like many of today's frameworks, uses this design approach.